Fundamentals of Heart Sounds

Third Heart Sound Lesson #635

patient thorax when auscultating by stethoscope

The patient was supine during auscultation.

Description

A third heart sound (S3) occurs early in diastole, just after the second heart sound. S3 is a low-frequency sound best heard using the bell of the stethoscope pressed lightly on the skin of the chest. Position the chestpiece at the left lateral sternal border (LLSB) or xiphoid area.

Sudden deceleration of blood flow into the left ventricle from the left atrium causes the third heart sound. In the anatomy video, observe the thin-walled, dilated left ventricle with generalized decreased vigor of contraction.

In the presence of a third heart sound (S3), the first heart sound decreases in intensity while the second heart sound increases in intensity

In young people and athletes, it is a normal phenomenon. In older individuals, it indicates the presence of heart disease.

Phonocardiogram

Anatomy

Third Heart Sound

Authors and Sources

Authors and Reviewers

Heart sounds by Dr. Jonathan Keroes, MD and David Lieberman, Developer, Virtual Cardiac Patient.
Lung sounds by Diane Wrigley, PA
Respiratory cases: William French
David Lieberman, Audio Engineering
Heart sounds mentorship by W. Proctor Harvey, MD
Special thanks for the medical mentorship of Dr. Raymond Murphy
Reviewed by Dr. Barbara Erickson, PhD, RN, CCRN.
Last Update: 11/10/2021

Sources

Heart and Lung Sounds Reference Library Diane S. Wrigley
Publisher: PESI
Impact Patient Care: Key Physical Assessment Strategies and the Underlying Pathophysiology
Diane S Wrigley & Rosale Lobo
Practical Clinical Skills: Lung Sounds
Essential Lung Sounds Diane S. Wrigley, PA-C
Published by MedEdu LLC
PESI Faculty - Diane S Wrigley
Case Profiles in Respiratory Care 3rd Ed, 2019
William A.French
Published by Delmar Cengage
Essential Lung Sounds by William A. French
Published by Cengage Learning, 2011
Understanding Lung Sounds Steven Lehrer, MD
Clinical Heart Disease W Proctor Harvey, MD
Clinical Heart Disease
Laennec Publishing; 1st edition (January 1, 2009)
Heart and Lung Sounds Reference Guide
PracticalClinicalSkills.com