Fixed Splitting, Increased Aortic Intensity S2
Virtual Auscultation
The patient's position is sitting.
Lesson
Listen to this recording of a second heart sound with fixed splitting and including an increased sound intensity of the aortic component. This condition is seen in some patients with chronic, severe hypertension; aortic pressure is significantly increased.
Our recording contains fixed splitting of S2 to make it easier to concentrate on the relative intensities of the aortic and pulmonic components. In the cardiac animation video, note the increased thickness of the left ventricular wall caused by essential hypertension.
Waveform
Heart Sounds Video
Authors and Sources
Authors and Reviewers
-
Heart sounds by Dr. Jonathan Keroes, MD and David Lieberman, Developer, Virtual Cardiac Patient.
- Lung sounds by Diane Wrigley, PA
- Respiratory cases: William French
-
David Lieberman, Audio Engineering
-
Heart sounds mentorship by W. Proctor Harvey, MD
- Special thanks for the medical mentorship of Dr. Raymond Murphy
- Reviewed by Dr. Barbara Erickson, PhD, RN, CCRN.
-
Last Update: 12/11/2022
Sources
-
Heart and Lung Sounds Reference Library
Diane S. Wrigley
Publisher: PESI -
Impact Patient Care: Key Physical Assessment Strategies and the Underlying Pathophysiology
Diane S Wrigley & Rosale Lobo - Practical Clinical Skills: Lung Sounds
- Essential Lung Sounds
Diane S. Wrigley, PA-C
Published by MedEdu LLC - PESI Faculty - Diane S Wrigley
-
Case Profiles in Respiratory Care 3rd Ed, 2019
William A.French
Published by Delmar Cengage - Essential Lung Sounds
by William A. French
Published by Cengage Learning, 2011 - Understanding Lung Sounds
Steven Lehrer, MD
- Clinical Heart Disease
W Proctor Harvey, MD
Clinical Heart Disease
Laennec Publishing; 1st edition (January 1, 2009)
