Reproductive
Number of reproductive flashcards: 141
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Number of reproductive flashcards studied: 0
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Start Flashcard Study Return to Medical Terminology homepage| Medical Term | Description |
| -cele | swelling, hernia |
| -cyesis | pregnancy |
| -gravida | pregnant |
| -para | to bear offspring |
| -tocia | condition of birth, labor |
| afterbirth | The placenta, umbilical cord and membranes that are expelled from the uterus after birth |
| amni/o | amnion, sac around embryo |
| amniocentesis | Diagnostic test for chromosomal abnormalities and fetal infections. A small amount of fluid is removed from the amniotic sac. |
| amniotic fluid | A clear, yellowish liquid that surrounds the fetus, protecting it from injury. |
| andr/o | male |
| andropause | Male menopause. |
| Apgar score | Newborn health assessment score (0-10). Two points each: Appearance of skin color, Pulse, Grimace, Activity, Respiration. |
| areola | A ring of pigmented skin surrounding a nipple. |
| azoospermia | A complete absence of sperm in the ejaculate. |
| balan/o | glans penis |
| breast | A mammary gland of women. |
| breastfeeding | Feeding a baby milk from the breast. |
| castration | Removal of the sex glands. |
| cervicitis | An inflammation of the cervix |
| cesarean section | A surgical incision through the abdominal wall and uterus, performed to deliver a fetus. |
| chlamydia | A common sexually transmitted disease. |
| chori/o | chorion (outer fetal sac) |
| circumcision | Surgical removal of the foreskin of the penis. |
| clitoris | An erectile structure homologous with the penis, situated beneath the anterior labial commissure, partially hidden between the anterior ends of the labia minora. |
| coitus | Sexual intercourse. |
| colostrum | Milk produced in late pregnancy. High in protein and antibody content. |
| colp/o | vagina |
| condom | A sheath that is worn over the penis during sex in order to prevent pregnancy or the spread of sexually transmitted disease. |
| contraception | Prevention of impregnation. |
| contraction | A shortening or increase in tension. In labor, the rhythmic tightening of the uterus. |
| copulation | Sexual union. |
| dysmenorrhea | Painful cramps that can occur immediately before or during the menstrual period. |
| ectopic pregnancy | When a fertilized egg implants outside of the uterus. |
| egg | A female reproductive cell prior to fertilization. |
| ejaculation | The sudden emission of semen from the male urethra. |
| embryo | Any organism in the earliest stages of development. |
| endocervicitis | Inflammation of the mucous lining of the uterine cervix. |
| endometri/o | endometrium (mucous membrane lining the uterus) |
| endometriosis | A painful, chronic disease where the tissue that normally grows inside the uterus grows outside it. May spread anywhere in the abdominal cavity. |
| epididym/o | epididymis (structure within the scrotum that stores sperm) |
| epididymitis | Inflammation of the epididymis. |
| episi/o | vulva |
| episiotomy | An incision made in the perineum to widens the opening of the vagina during childbirth. |
| erectile dysfunction | The consistent inability in the male to sustain an erection sufficient for sexual intercourse. Impotence. |
| fallopian tubes | A pair of highly specialized muscular canals that conduct the ovum from the ovary to the uterus. |
| fet/o | fetus |
| fetal | Of, pertaining to, or having the character of a fetus. |
| fetus | The embryo of a mammal in the later stages of development |
| fibroadenoma | Benign tumors composed of stromal and epithelial tissue. |
| fibrocystic breast disease | A painful, lumpy breast disease. |
| galact/o | milk |
| genetic | Pertaining to reproduction or to birth or origin. |
| genitalia | The male and female reproductive organs. |
| gestation | The time period of development from fertilization to birth. |
| gonad/o | sex glands |
| gonorrhea | A sexually transmitted bacterial disease, mostly seen in young adults. |
| gynecology | The branch of medicine dealing with diseases unique to women, especially those of the genital tract and breasts. |
| hematospermia | Blood in the semen. |
| heredity | The transmission of traits encoded in genes from parent to offspring. |
| homosexuality | The sexual attraction or relationship between members of the same sex. |
| hydrocele | Buildup of the normal fluid around the testicle, common in infants, self-resolving. |
| hypomenorrhea | Extremely light menstrual blood flow. |
| hyster/o | uterus |
| hysterectomy | Surgical removal of the uterus. |
| hysteroscopy | Examination of the uterine cavity using an endoscope. |
| impotence | The inability to sustain a penile erection to allow normal vaginal intercourse. |
| infertility | Inability to conceive and produce viable offspring. |
| insemination | The deposit of seminal fluid within the vagina. |
| labor | The childbirth process of expulsion of the fetus and placenta from the uterus. |
| lact/o | milk |
| lactation | Production of milk by the mammary glands. |
| leukorrhea | Normal vaginal discharge during pregnancy . It is thin, white, milky and mild smelling. |
| mamm/o | breast |
| mammary gland | Milk producing gland. |
| mast/o | breast |
| mastalgia | Breast pain. |
| mastopexy | Breast lift surgery. |
| men/o | menstruation, menses |
| menarche | The first menstrual period. |
| menstrual cycle | The period from onset of one menstrual bleeding to the next in an ovulating female. The menstrual cycle is regulated by endocrine interactions of the hypothalamus; the pituitary gland; the ovaries; and the genital tract. |
| menstruation | The (approximately) monthly discharge of blood and cellular debris from the uterus by nonpregnant women, occurring from puberty to menopause. |
| metr/o | uterus (womb) |
| miscarriage | Common term for the loss of an embryo or fetus before the 20th week of pregnancy.. This term is longer accepted in clinical usage. |
| nat/o | birth |
| natal | Relating to birth. |
| neonatal | Pertaining to a new baby, for the first 28 days after birth. |
| neonate | An infant less than one month old. |
| nulligravida | A woman who has never been pregnant. |
| nullipara | A woman who has never borne a child. |
| obstetrics | The branch of medicine concerned with the care of women during pregnancy, parturition, and the puerperium. |
| omphal/o | umbilicus (navel) |
| oophor/o | ovary |
| oophorectomy | Surgical removal of an ovary or ovaries. |
| orchid/o | testicles |
| ov/o | egg, ovum |
| ovari/o | ovary |
| ovarian | Pertaining to the ovary. |
| ovary | Either of the sex glands in females. They produce ova and hormones. |
| ovulation | The discharge of an ovum from a rupturing follicle in the ovary. |
| penis | The external reproductive organ of males. |
| perimenopause | The period of time before menopause when a woman's body changes. |
| perine/o | perineum (surface region in both males and females between the pubic symphysis and the coccyx) |
| peripartum period | The period shortly before, during, and immediately after giving birth. |
| phall/o | penis |
| placenta | A vascular organ that develops during pregnancy, lining the uterine wall and partially enveloping the fetus. The placenta produces an array of steroid, protein and peptide hormones . |
| postpartum | The period that is shortly after giving birth. |
| preeclampsia | A serious pregnancy disorder characterized by high blood pressure, a large amount of protein in the urine and edema of hands and feet. |
| pregnancy | Carrying developing offspring (embryos or fetuses) in utero before birth. |
| premature ejaculation | The emission of semen and seminal fluid during the act of preparation for sexual intercourse, i.e. before there is penetration, or shortly after penetration. |
| priapism | A abnormally prolonged erection of the penis. |
| primigravida | A woman who is pregnant for the first time. |
| prostat/o | prostate |
| prostate | A gland that is part of a male reproductive system. Located below the bladder. |
| pruritus vulvae | Itching of the vulva. |
| salping/o | fallopian tube |
| scrot/o | scrotum |
| semen | The thick, yellowish-white, viscid fluid secretion of male reproductive organs discharged upon ejaculation. It contains spermatozoa and their nutrient plasma and secretions from the prostate and bulbourethral glands. |
| semin/i | semen |
| sex | The totality of characteristics of reproductive structure, functions, phenotype, and genotype, differentiating the male from the female organism. |
| sexuality | The sexual functions, activities, attitudes, and orientations of an individual. Sexuality, male or female, becomes evident at puberty under the influence of gonadal steroids (testosterone or estradiol) and social effects. |
| shaken baby syndrome | Brain injuries resulted from vigorous shaking of an infant or young child held by the chest, shoulders, or extremities causing extreme cranial acceleration. It is characterized by the intracranial and intraocular hemorrhages with no evident external trauma. Serious cases may result in death. |
| sperm | The male gamete or sex cell that contains the genetic information to be transmitted by the male. Also called spermatozoon. |
| sperm/o | sperm cells |
| syphilis | A sexually transmitted disease. A bacterial infection. |
| test/i | testicle |
| testicle | The testis and its ducts. |
| thel/e | nipple |
| toc/o | labor, birth |
| trichomoniasis | A sexually transmitted disease caused by a single-celled protozoan parasite. |
| triplet | One of three offspring born at one birth. |
| twins | Two individuals derived from two fetuses that were fertilized at or about the same time, developed in the uterus simultaneously, and born to the same mother. Twins are either monozygotic or dizygotic. |
| umbilic- | umbilicus (navel) |
| umbilical | Pertaining to the opening in the abdominal wall where the blood vessels from the placenta enter. |
| umbilical cord | The flexible rope-like structure that connects a developing fetus to the placenta. The cord contains blood vessels which carry oxygen and nutrients from the mother to the fetus and waste products away from the fetus. |
| uter/o | uterus |
| uterine prolapse | A condition where the uterus drops down into the vagina. |
| uterus | The womb. A female reproductive organ located between the bladder and the rectum. |
| vagin/o | vagina |
| vagina | An muscular tube connecting the cervix of the uterus to the vulva and exterior of the body. |
| varic/o | varices (swollen veins) |
| vulv/o | vulva |
Authors and Reviewers
Authored by Dr. Barbara A. EricksonMedically reviewed by Dr. Jonathan Keroes, MD
Last Update: 12/18/2022
