Digestive-Ii
Number of digestive-ii flashcards: 109
Number of digestive-ii flashcards studied: 0
Number of digestive-ii flashcards studied: 0
Shorten your study time by using an optional free account (no credit card needed). This allows our system to use spaced repetition, our best smart flashcard feature. Use the Join button in the menubar.
Start Flashcard Study Return to Medical Terminology homepage| Medical Term | Description |
| -masesis | chewing, mastication |
| -ose | a carbohydrate |
| -posia | drinking, fluid intake |
| -prandial | meal |
| -tresia | perforation, opening |
| -trophic | food, nutrition |
| AAD | antibiotic associated diarrhea |
| abd | abdominal/abdomen |
| alimentary canal | The passage for the digestion and absorption of food. Extends from mouth to anus. |
| amyl- | starch |
| anastomosis | A surgical connection between two structures. |
| antidiarrheal | A drug or food for treating diarrhea. |
| ascites | Abnormal accumulation of free fluid within the peritoneal cavity. |
| ascorbic acid | A water soluble compound. As vitamin C, it naturally occurs in citrus fruits and many vegetables. |
| aspartame | Artificial sweeter, metabolized as phenylalanine and aspartic acid. |
| bariatric surgery | Surgical procedures aimed at producing major weight reduction in patients with morbid obesity. |
| biliary | Pertaining to bile, the gall bladder or bile ducts. |
| bilirubin | The orange-yellow pigment of bile. |
| biotin | A water-soluble, enzyme co-factor present in minute amounts in every living cell. It is abundant in liver, kidney, pancreas, yeast, and milk. |
| BM | bowel movement |
| BMI | body mass index |
| bolus | A soft mass of chewed food ready to be swallowed. |
| borborygmus | Belching. |
| botulism | A rare, but potentially fatal form of food poisoning caused by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum. |
| bucc/o | cheek |
| cachexia | General ill health, malnutrition, and weight loss, usually associated with chronic disease. |
| CAH | chronic active hepatitis |
| Cal | large calorie |
| cardia | That part of the stomach close to the opening from esophagus into the stomach. The cardia is so named because of its closeness to the heart. |
| cec/o | cecum, first section of colon |
| cholangi/o | bile vessel |
| choledoch/o | common bile duct |
| cirrh/o | orange-yellow |
| corpulence | Obesity. |
| CUC | chronic ulcerative colitis |
| D&V | diarrhea & vomiting |
| dietetic | Pertaining to food and nutrition. |
| diverticulosis | The presence of multiple pouches, usually in the colonic or gastric wall. |
| DRE | digital rectal examination |
| duoden/o | duodenum |
| duodenitis | Inflammation of the duodenum section of the small intestine. |
| duodenum | The proximal (first) portion of the small intestine, extending from the pylorus to the jejunum. |
| dysentery | Acute inflammation of the intestine marked by frequent watery stools, often with blood and by pain, fever, and dehydration. |
| EGD | esophagogastroduodenoscopy |
| EGF | epidermal growth factor |
| electrolyte | A substances that dissociates into two or more ions and can then conduct an electric current. |
| elimination | Removal of waste products from the body. |
| enteritis | Inflammation of any segment of the small intestine. |
| epiglott/o | epiglottis (cartilage that prevents food from entering the trachea) |
| ERCP | endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography |
| eructation | To belch. |
| eustachian tube | A narrow canal extending from the middle ear to the pharynx. |
| flatulence | Production of gas in the gastrointestinal tract which may be expelled through the anus. |
| gastroenterology | A subspecialty of medicine concerned with diseases of the digestive system and related structures including the esophagus, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. |
| gavage | Forced feeding a patient especially through a tube passed into the stomach |
| GB | gallbladder |
| GERD | gastroesophageal reflux disease |
| GI | gastrointestinal |
| glycemic index | A numerical system of measuring the rate of blood glucose generation from a particular food item. |
| HAV | hepatitis A virus |
| HBV | hepatitis B virus |
| HCV | hepatitis C virus |
| HDV | hepatitis D |
| helc/o | ulcer |
| hematemesis | Vomiting blood. |
| hepatomegaly | Having an enlarged liver. |
| hyperemesis gravidarum | Severe, intractable vomiting during early pregnancy. Often needs IV fluids and anti nausea agents. |
| IBD | inflammatory bowel disease |
| IBS | irritable bowel syndrome |
| IBW | ideal body weight |
| jejun/o | jejunum (second part of the small intestines) |
| labial mucosa | The inner lining of the lips. |
| lactic acid | A organic acid produced by anaerobic respiration, by fermentation of carbohydrates in the rumen and by bacterial action on milk. |
| lactose | The main sugar of milk consisting of one molecule each of glucose and galactose. |
| LFT | liver function test |
| LGI | lower gastrointestinal |
| mastication | The process of chewing and grinding food in the mouth. |
| melena | The black, tarry, foul-smelling feces that contain degraded blood. |
| meli- | honey, sugar |
| mesentery | A double layer of peritoneum that encloses the intestines and attaches them to the posterior abdominal wall. |
| N&V | nausea and vomiting |
| NG | nasogastric |
| nutri/o | to nourish |
| odont/o | tooth |
| oral hygiene | The practice of personal hygiene of the mouth. It includes the maintenance of oral cleanliness, tissue tone, and general preservation of oral health. |
| PEG | percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy |
| peritone/o | peritoneum (serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity) |
| prebiotics | Indigestible food ingredients that promote overall health by supporting the activity of probiotic bacteria in the large intestine. |
| ptyal/o | saliva |
| PUD | peptic ulcer disease |
| RDA | recommended daily/dietary allowance |
| salivary ducts | Any of the ducts which transport saliva. |
| salmonella | A genus of gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria. It causes food poisoning, enteric fevers, gastroenteritis, and bacteremia. |
| SB | small bowel |
| SBO | small bowel obstruction |
| scurvy | An acquired blood vessel disorder caused by severe deficiency of vitamin C, characterized by spongy, bleeding gums, bleeding under the skin, and extreme weakness. |
| sialaden/o | salivary gland |
| sigmoid | The distal part of the colon from the level of the iliac crest to the rectum. |
| sigmold/o | sigmoid colon |
| sito- | bread, food |
| stoma- | mouth |
| stomach ulcer | Ulceration of the gastric mucosa due to contact with gastric juice. |
| sucrose | Cane or beet sugar. |
| TPN | total parenteral nutrition |
| typhoid fever | An acute bacterial infection transmitted by contaminated water, milk or other foods, especially shellfish. |
| uran/o | hard palate |
| weaning | The replacement of mother's milk in the diet of a young child with other food. |
| whey | The liquid components of milk that remain after the casein, fat, and fat soluble components have been removed. |
| zymo- | fermentation |
Authors and Reviewers
Authored by Dr. Barbara A. EricksonMedically reviewed by Dr. Jonathan Keroes, MD
Last Update: 12/18/2022
