Anatomy and Windows

• Heart is a cone
  • Base – atria, valves
  • Apex – point of cone to left hip
  • Long axis from base to apex
  • Short axis perpendicular
• Right ventricle anterior
• Left atrium posterior
• Aortic root in center

Image from Pasieka/Science Source

• Parasternal
  • Long axis (PSLA)
  • Short axis (PSSA)
• Subxiphoid (SX)
• Apical four chamber (A4C)